Difference between Rubber & Plastic


Key difference: The main difference between the two materials is based on their nature, structure, and production, wherein the plastic is a man made, artificial or a by-product of oil and rubber is a natural product which is derived from the sap of the rubber trees.

Plastic and Rubber, are two revolutionary materials that brought growth in the industries. Both, different in their properties, use, and looks, were widely functional in developing new products. Also, both are quite diverse from each other and it is pretty easy to differentiate between them.

Plastics are defined as organic materials which have a polymeric structure and are derived from oil or petroleum. They are synthetic or artificial in nature. Also, they are high in molecular mass, which makes them moldable when soft, and are widely used in the manufacture of many materials such as coatings, artificial fibers, etc.

Rubber, on the other hand, is defined as an organic material which is derived from the sap of the rubber trees. The sap or the latex from the trees is coagulated and dried to make rubber. It is elastic in nature and is classified as Elastomers. Also, it has a high stretch ratio, high resistance to breakage and water.
Both plastic and rubber are made up of polymers. Plastic contains polymers such as a plasticizer, stabilizer, filler, pigments, etc, whereas rubber contains iso-propene, other organic compounds, and water. The main difference is based on their material, by looking and touching, one can easily distinguish from plastic and rubber.
Also, based on their properties, both can be classified easily, there are more than 10000 types of plastic, but the two main types are thermosetting and thermoplastic. On the other hand, there are only two types of rubber, organic and synthetic. Another difference is in their specific properties of durability, elasticity, plasticity, etc, which are differentiated in the table below.
Another important difference is their uses, plastics are widely used almost every aspect, like clothing, food, beverages, construction and many others. While, rubbers are more commonly used for vehicle tires, industrial purposes and basic to advanced warfare. Although both have their differences, it is important to note that now days even plastic is widely used for the production of synthetic rubber, and hence making them similar in nature.
Comparison between Plastic and Rubber:

Plastic
Rubber
Definition
It is defined as organic materials which have a polymeric structure, and are derived from oil or petroleum.
It is defined as an organic material which is derived from the sap or the latex of the rubber trees.
Product
It is a by-product.
It is a natural product.
Derived from
It is a polymer made from oil.
It is derived from the sap of the rubber trees.
Components
It mainly consist of:
  • plasticizer
  • stabilizer
  • filler
  • pigments, etc.
It mainly consists of:
  • iso-propene
  • other organic compounds
  • Water
Deformable
It is non-deformable.
It is deformable.
Elasticity

They are less elastic in nature.
They are naturally more elastic.
ToxicityThey have low toxicity because of their insolubility in water. They have high toxicity because of their water content. 
Synthetic materials
Synthetic plastic is made from natural gas or petroleum.
Synthetic rubber is made from crude oil. 

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