A brief history of rubber

  • 1000CE: Indians living in Central and South America have learned how to made waterproof clothes and shoes using latex from rubber trees. They call rubber trees "cahuchu" (crying wood), which is why the French still call rubber caoutchouc (pronounced "cow-chew") today.
  • 1731: During an expedition to South America, French explorer Charles Marie de La Condamine (1701–74) sends back samples of rubber to Europe, prompting intense scientific interest.
  • 1770: The discoverer of oxygen, English scientist Joseph Priestley (1733–1804), finds he can use pieces of rubber to erase the marks made by pencil on paper. In England, erasers are still widely called "rubbers" today.
  • 1791: Englishman Samuel Peal develops a method of waterproofing cloth with a rubber solution.
  • 1818: Scottish medical student James Syme (1799–1870) uses the rubber-coated cloth to make raincoats.

  • 1823: Scotsman James Syme learns of Syme's discovery, refines it, and patents it, earning fame and fortune as the inventor of the rubberized, waterproof coat. Waterproof coats have been known as "Mackintoshes" (with a slight variation of spelling) ever since.
  • 1839: American inventor Charles Goodyear (1800–1860) accidentally discovers how to vulcanize rubber after dropping a piece of the material (which has been treated with sulfur) onto a hot stove.
  • 1876: Intrepid English explorer Sir Henry Wickham (1846–1928) smuggles thousands of seeds from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis out of Brazil and back to England. The English grow the seeds at Kew Gardens just outside London and export them to various Asian countries, establishing the giant plantations that now supply much of the world's rubber.
  • 1877: US rubber manufacturer Chapman Mitchell develops the first commercial process for recycling rubber from scratch.
  • 1882: John Boyd Dunlop (1840–1921) invents the pneumatic (air-filled) rubber tire. The development of gasoline-powered cars with rubber tires leads to a huge increase in the need for rubber.
  • 1883: US chemist George Oenslager (1873–1956) develops a much faster way of vulcanizing rubber using chemicals called organic (carbon-based) accelerators.
  • 1930: A team of US chemists at the DuPont company, led by Wallace Carothers (1896–1937), develop a revolutionary synthetic rubber called polychloroprene and sold as neoprene. (Shortly afterward, the same group developed an even more revolutionary material: nylon.)
What is dead may never die, thanks for them to bring one of the world's most amazing materials to the world. 


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